Pixelfed’s Charm: A Haven for Creatives

I’ve been interested in photography since I co-opted my father’s Kodak 620 camera as a young boy. I used it to take pictures of the flora and fauna of our neighborhood. My love of photography led me to an Instamatic camera in high school and eventually to digital cameras as they entered the marketplace in the late 1990s. Now, I use an iPhone 15 to snap pictures of scenes that inspire me. I started using Instagram in 2011 when my daughter suggested it. I have over 4800 posts, but increasingly, the platform is driven by algorithms prompting me to buy products or serve me AI-generated images that fail to capture my imagination.

What if there was a social media platform that is as vibrant and visual as Instagram but without constant ads, data mining, and profit-driven motives? Enter Pixelfed—a decentralized, open-source alternative offering fresh air in social networking. Whether you are a seasoned photographer, an aspiring artist, or a social media enthusiast seeking a more ethical and community-focused platform, Pixelfed provides a visually stunning way to share your moments and connect with like-minded individuals.

Joining Pixelfed is easy! Go to the Pixelfed flagship instance Pixelfed.social and choose sign-in with Mastodon.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

Your avatar, bio, username, and followed accounts from Mastodon will be automatically imported, saving you time and effort. The Pixelfed blog documents the process for signing in with your Mastodon account.

Once logged in to the web, you can choose the ‘Discover’ button on the left and find other Pixelfed users. It’s easy to upload pictures to your account from your web browser or from an app on your phone. Pixelfed supports both iOS and Android users.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

Import your content directly from Instagram, or you can host Pixelfed if that interests you.

Pixelfed allows you to share your pictures with a broader audience without sacrificing privacy. It doesn’t track your activity or show ads. You have more control over your data and who can see your posts. Community-driven: Each Pixelfed instance has its own community and moderators, creating a more intimate and engaging experience. It’s decentralized, which means Pixelfed is spread across many different servers called instances. Pixelfed connects to the broader Fediverse, allowing communication with users on other ActivityPub-based networks like Mastodon. You control who sees what. You can share images, follow others, and interact across different Pixelfed instances. Pixelfed offers a more ethical and empowering way to connect with others online.

Unlocking Knowledge with Kiwix: Your Offline Digital Library

Emmanuel Engelhart and Renaud Gaudin wanted everyone to have access to Wikipedia, and in 2007, the dream became a reality with the creation of Kiwix. The project aimed at making knowledge accessible offline and the idea was born out of the need to provide Wikipedia and other educational content to people without reliable internet access.

How Does Kiwix Work?

Kiwix operates by compressing large content files into a format known as ZIM (Zeno IMproved). These ZIM files are essentially archives of text, images, and other media, allowing offline access to entire websites or collections of knowledge.

Why use Kiwix?

Offline Access to Knowledge: Whether you’re in a remote area, traveling, or facing unreliable internet access, Kiwix allows you to access a vast amount of educational and informational content without an internet connection. Imagine having the entirety of Wikipedia at your fingertips, anytime, anywhere.

Cost-Effective Learning: Downloading content once and accessing it offline saves on data costs. This can be especially important when internet access is expensive or data limits are stringent. Kiwix provides a budget-friendly way to stay informed and continue learning without breaking the bank.

Educational Tool: Kiwix is a fantastic resource for schools and academic institutions, particularly in regions with limited internet access. It provides students and teachers with valuable learning materials and resources, helping to bridge the digital divide and promote equal access to knowledge.

What content is available

Wikipedia: The entire Wikipedia database, available in multiple languages, is one of the flagship contents of Kiwix. You can access articles, images, and other Wikipedia media without an internet connection.

Wiktionary: The free dictionary offers definitions, translations, etymologies, and usage examples in multiple languages.

Wikivoyage: A free travel guide with comprehensive information on destinations worldwide, including maps, cultural insights, and travel tips.

Project Gutenberg: A vast collection of public domain books, including classic literature, non-fiction, and historical texts.

TED Talks: A selection of inspiring and educational TED Talks, available as videos or transcripts.

Available on multiple platforms

Kiwix is offered as a native app for operating systems, including Android, Linux, Mac OS, iOS, and Windows. Additionally, it can be accessed through extensions for Chrome, Firefox, and Edge. You can install the Kiwix server on Raspberry Pi.

Get Involved

Kiwix is looking for folks who want to participate in the project. You can donate to support the project. Kiwix is open source with a GPL v 3.0 license.

Etherpad: The open source tool for collaboration

A conversation with a friend today led me to remember Etherpad. In an age of digital collaboration, finding the right tool to facilitate effective teamwork is crucial. Etherpad is a real-time, open-source collaborative text editor designed to streamline teamwork and boost efficiency. I’m a long-time user of Google Drive, and I consider it an excellent tool for collaboration, but what if you have team members who don’t have access or don’t want to set up a Google account? That’s where Etherpad comes to the fore.

Etherpad’s simplicity makes it an ideal solution for teams needing a straightforward and powerful tool for collaborative writing. You can install Etherpad locally on Linux, MacOS, and Windows. There are public sites that host Etherpad so that you and your team can use it without setting up your server. One of those sites is hosted by Wikimedia.

When you first launch Etherpad you are greeted with the following display:

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

You can open a previously used Pad or start a “New Pad”. There is a welcome message from the Wikimedia Foundation, some notes on how to use the pad, and some limitations. Looking at the menu bar on top and the far right, you are invited to enter your name. Next button to the left is the ‘Share’ button which provides some options for sharing this pad.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

You have the option to make the pad ‘Read only’ and also the link to share with other members of your team as well as an Embed URL. Next to that is the ‘Settings’ button, where you are provided with several options, including whether you will enable a chat window, font settings, authorship colors, and line numbers.

The following menu option to the left, which looks like a clock, is the ‘Timeslider.’ The Etherpad Timeslider is a feature that allows users to review the history of a document. It provides a visual timeline of all the changes made to the document, showing who made each edit and when. Next on the menu to the left are a couple of horizontal arrows. This menu item allows you to import or export documents. You can upload any text file or document. Only plain text and HTML documents can be imported. You can export HTML, Plain text, or Etherpad documents. Next is an eye-shaped object that allows for the clearing of authorship colors. It cannot be undone. Next are ‘Undo’ and ‘Redo’ buttons and then ‘Outdent’ and ‘Indent’ buttons. Next to that, the ‘Unordered list button’ and then an ‘Ordered list’ button. The last four menu choices are strikethrough, underline, italic, and bold.

Etherpad is a simple yet effective way to work collaboratively with a team. The project is open source with an Apache 2.0 license and excellent documentation that provides detailed installation instructions, including how to set up Etherpad on Docker. The project maintains a wiki with exceptional directions for developers.

Bitwarden: Secure Password Management

Managing passwords is no easy task. There was a time when I relied on the browser to remember my passwords. Those passwords were easily remembered and probably easily guessed. That changed five years ago when I began to use a commercial password manager that automated the process, provided stronger passwords, and hopefully made my life more secure. About a year after I started using this proprietary password management solution, I received an email that stated that the terms of use were changing. I would only be able to access the password manager from one computer. I’m always on the go, and accessing the password manager from my mobile phone and/or desktop computer is essential.

That’s when I began looking for another solution, and this time, after listening to one of my favorite weekly Linux talk shows, I decided to try Bitwarden. Bitwarden came highly recommended, and best of all, it is open source. Initially released in 2016 by Kyle Spearrin Bitwarden, it does not limit me as my previous password manager did. Bitwarden applications are offered for Windows, macOS, and Linux. Browser extensions are available for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, Opera, Vivaldi, Arc, Brave, and Tor. Mobile apps can be downloaded for Android and iOS. Bitwarden’s client licenses are GPL v3, and if you choose to self-host your own Bitwarden server, its server license is AGPL v.3.

A key feature that sets Bitwarden apart is its end-to-end encryption. With this technology, your passwords are encrypted on your device before being stored on Bitwarden’s servers, ensuring that even Bitwarden cannot access your sensitive information. This robust security measure is essential for safeguarding your data against potential breaches.

Bitwarden provides a range of security features to protect your data. These include two-factor authentication (2FA), which enhances security by requiring a second verification method, such as a text message or a biometric scan.

Bitwarden provides a generous free plan with unlimited password storage. Secure all your apps, websites, and accounts at no cost. Access Bitwarden on any device, anytime, anywhere. A premium account will only cost ten dollars per year. This plan includes encrypted file storage, priority customer support, and advanced 2FA options. You can import your current passwords to Bitwarden from LastPass, 1Password, Firefox, Google, Microsoft Edge, and others.

Using the Web Clipper with the Joplin Note-Taking App

Joplin is my favorite note taking app. It allows me to save ideas and content across all the platforms I use everyday. In my case that’s Linux, MacOS and iOS. Joplin has really revolutionized and organized those notes whether they’re a daily journal or the latest development I come across while I’m out walking or sitting at my desk reading. Until recently I had not used Joplin’s ‘Web Clipper.’ Joplin Web Clipper allows saving web pages and screenshots from your browser to Joplin. The ability to use the Web Clipper has added a new dimension to my notetaking.

It’s easy to use but first you need to enable it in the software. On my Linux computer that involves opening the Joplin app and navigating to the ‘Tools’ menu which is at the far right next to ‘Help.’ Then select ‘Options’ which is at the top and navigate to ‘Web Clipper’ option which is on the left and second from the last at the bottom left. Then ‘Enable’ the clipper service. Install the extension for Google Chrome or Firefox. On MacOS the settings to enable Web Clipper are on the ‘Settings’ menu at the far left under the ‘Joplin’ menu. There is a Safari web extension for using Web Clipper if that is your preferred browser.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

The Web Clipper enhances Joplin’s functionality by enabling users to seamlessly save web content for later reference. Here are a few key benefits:

With a simple click, you can capture articles, blog posts, research papers, and other web content, ensuring that valuable information is stored in one organized place. Saved content is available offline, making it easy to access important information without relying on an internet connection. By having all your research and resources in one location, you can streamline your workflow and increase productivity. Joplin’s end-to-end encryption ensures that your data remains secure and private, unlike some other note-taking applications.

Using the Web Clipper is easy. Once the option is enabled, open the Joplin application and then navigate with your web browser to the information you want to save to your notebook. Click the Joplin Web Clipper icon in your browser’s toolbar.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

You can select which notebook you want to add the content to at the bottom of the dialog box. Then you can choose how you will save the content from the options displayed which include. Clip simplified page, clip complete page (Markdown), clip complete page (HTML), clip selection, clip screenshot or clip URL.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

I chose to clip complete page in Markdown and I am presented with the options to save my notebook in ‘Articles’ or another notebook. Joplin uses the web article title for the title. That can be edited and then click to ‘Confirm’ and the article is saved for later reference.

Screen picture by Don Watkins CC by SA 4.0

The Joplin Web Clipper is an invaluable tool for anyone looking to save and organize web content efficiently. By capturing and storing information directly into Joplin, you can enhance your productivity, ensure offline access to critical resources, and maintain the privacy and security of your data. Whether you’re a student, researcher, or professional, the Joplin Web Clipper can help you streamline your workflow and keep your digital life organized

Celebrating the Holidays with Open Source

The holiday season is upon us once again, and this year I decided to celebrate in an open source way. Like a particular famous holiday busybody, I have a long list (and I do intend to check it twice) of holiday tasks: create a greeting card (with addressed envelopers) to send to family and friends, make a photo montage or video to a suitably festive song, and decorate my virtual office. There are plenty of open source applications and resources making my job easier. Here’s what I use.

Inkscape and clip art

One of my favorite resources is FreeSVG.org (formerly Openclipart.org). It’s easy to find your favorite holiday, including Hanukkah, Christmas, New Year’s, and more. The clip art is all contributed by users like you and me, and Creative Commons Zero (CC0), so you don’t even need to provide attribution. When possible, I still do give attribution, to ensure that FreeSVG and its artists get visibility.

Here’s an example of some clip art from FreeSVG:

A cartoon of a brown cornucopia with red apples, an orange pumpkin, and brown nuts spilling out

Using Inkscape’s Text to Path tool, I added my own text to the image, which I used on a card. With a little more preparation, I could also use the graphic on some custom cups or placemats.

A cartoon of a brown cornucopia with red apples, an orange pumpkin, and brown nuts spilling out, with the words "We Give Thanks" in an arch over the top

Word processing

LibreOffice Writer can be used to create greeting cards and posters for use around your home or distributing to your friends and family. Create a database of your family and friends using LibreOffice Calc and then use that resource to simplify making mailing labels with the mail merge function.

Creative Commons pictures and graphics

There’s also art on search.creativecommons.org. Mind the license type: give proper credit to anything requiring attribution. This image (“Thanksgiving Dealies”) came from the Creative Commons image search. It’s by Martin Cathrae and is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0, so it can be adapted, reused, and shared under the same license.

A candlelight centerpiece using pumpkin shells as flower holders for small red and yellow floral bouquets.

I took this same image and added some of my own text to it with GIMP. You can use Inkscape to do the same thing. 

A candlelight centerpiece using pumpkin shells as flower holders for small red and yellow floral bouquets, with the words "Happy Holidays" at the top left of the image

Creative Commons offers plenty of image options that would make for a festive background during your next video conference.

Videos and live streaming

You can also incorporate images like these along with some of your own and create a short video clip using OpenShot video editor. You can easily add narration by recording a separate voice track using Audacity. Sound effects can be added in Audacity, saved to file, and imported into a soundtrack on OpenShot video editor. Find legal background music to add to your video.

Livestream your holiday gatherings with Open Broadcaster Software. It’s easy to use OBS to present an engaging holiday show for your friends and family using the software, or you can save the program as a Matroska or MP4 file for later viewing.

Reading material

Project Gutenberg is an excellent source of free holiday reading material to share. Dickens’ Christmas Carol is one such resource that is easily read on the web or downloaded as an EPUB or in a format for your favorite eReader. You can also find royalty-free reading materials, like “The Feast of Lights” from Librivox, in mp3 format so they can be downloaded and played in your favorite browser or media player.

Holiday fun

The most important aspect of the holiday season is that they’re relaxing and fun times with friends and family. If you’ve got family members curious about computers, take a moment to share some of your favorite open source resources with them.

Beyond Code: Ways to Contribute to Open Source Projects

I have been using open-source software for almost twenty-five years now. I was a user and an evangelist for open source for the first fifteen years that I used open source software. I didn’t see myself as a coder so how could I give back to the community. That changed in 2011 when I began writing for Opensource.com. I felt guilty that I didn’t do more to support the community.. I failed to realize that there is much more than coding and evangelizing that contributes to an open source community.

Here are some ways you can contribute to open source without being a community evangelist or a programmer. Documentation is one of the most important aspects of any project. It may not be intuitive how to use the software. Take WordPress and Drupal for example. It’s become easier now that you can spin up a virtual machine or a Docker image but there are still many nuances that are not intuitive and that is where good documentation plays an important role.

User testing is another way to contribute. How does the software operate on a variety of different platforms and operating systems. Providing feedback on usability and bugs. Community support by participating in forums and wikis by answering questions and provide support to other users. I have been a Linux user since the late 1990’s and in the early days before the World Wide Web existed the chief method of support was joining listservs and bulletin board. Now there are more resources for users but community support continues to be a great help even for experienced users.

Financial contributions help maintain and develop the project. One of the ways you can support open source is through the Github Secure Open Source Fund. I am a Linux Mint user and I have made regular contributions to the project. GnuCash is another project I contribute to. Consider contributing to podcasters like LateNight Linux. You can support Fosstodon and other Mastodon instances.

Advocacy is one of the principal ways I support open source. You can too. Advocate for the adoption of open-source solutions in organizations, educational institutions, and among peers. There are still many folks in communities around the globe that know nothing of open source and the benefits of using open source software. Thirty-three years after the advent of Linux a majority of the folks I come in contact with everyday have never used it nor do they understand the tremendouse personal and professional benefits they might enjoy as a user.

I advocated for the Chautauqua-Cattaraugus Library System to move away from a proprietary library system. The system adopted Koha which is supported by Bywater Solutions. The library system saved over $60,000 per year and were ready for the pandemic when libaries were forced to close their doors. Moving from an expensive client-server proprietary system to an open source one that needed only a FireFox browser to navigate was a game changer. I learned about Bywater and Koha from an open source using library director.

Consider sharing your open source experience by writing and sharing your journey with technology blogs like Allthingsopen.org. You might consider sharing your journey with others. Volunteer at meetups, workshops and hackathons and open source conferences. Offer others your open source journey at public libraries. There are many ways to give back.

The Tech Trap: How Edtech is Failing Our Schools

I’m a technology user and fan. I was a school district technology director for twenty-six years, but at the same time, I witnessed a growing trend to look to classroom technology as a substitute for good teaching and learning. My ed tech journey began in 1981 when the first Apple II’s arrived in our school district. I was fascinated and spent many afternoons and evenings tinkering with them. In those early days our district struggled to provide one computer per classroom. We had a mix of Commodore 64, Apple II and Apple II clones.

Our district was a small K-12 rural district in Western New York State. We had a much larger athletic budget than a technology budget. Nonetheless using Title 1 funding our school district had a computer lab twenty-five Apple IIe computers where I taught keyboarding and Apple LOGO classes to students in grades 2-6. Many of my pupils are now in their upper 40’s. Our technology budget dramatically increased after No Child Left Behind and when I retired thirteen years ago the district had hundreds of desktops and laptops which were cast aside in favor of iPads and white boards connected to ceiling mounted projectors.

In the years prior to the technology glut I became interested in open source software which leveled the playing field for our students many of whom came from low income households. The interest in open source led to exploration and experimentation wtih Linux as a primary desktop operating system. This met with skepticism by some and outright hostility by others. Since retirement I’ve volunteered in public libraries where technology budgets are slim and demand is high. I have noted that there are a number of disturbing trends in primary and secondary schools.

There is a trend for schools to accept the latest educational trend even when it doesn’t address educational needs. This leads to wasted resources and distraction from core learning objectives. Schools are quick to adopt 1:1 models without adequate training and long range planning leading to misspent funds. Then too there are privacy concerns as student laptops and mobile devices equipped with cameras are misused. Add to that how are the staff and student creative works being stored and is there work being harvested by the ever growing machine learning market.

Technology is sometimes implemented to achieve short term learning goals like reading fluency and test scores without improving critical thinking skills. In addition not all students have access to high quality broadband at home thereby exacerbating the digital divide. The commercialization of education has led to profit over pedagogy, with schools becoming customers rather than partners in the learning process.

Many organizations face significant vendor lock-in due to a general lack of awareness about alternative solutions. For instance, instead of relying on Office 365, they could consider using Nextcloud, which offers a comparable suite of tools while also helping to avoid vendor lock-in.

There is often a lack of rigorous evaluation of ed tech products, leading to the continued use of ineffective tools and technologies.

Empowering Writing with Markdown

I’ve long been a writer, but writing and publishing have been challenging. Pencil or pen and paper and then endless sheets of paper for rewrites. My writing took off when my parents sent me to college with a typewriter. Lots paper and ink were used, but the writing process became easier. Then came word processing. What a gift to be able to write, revise and rewrite without killing anymore trees or using more ink.

My journey with word processing began with FredWriter and AppleWorks. These tools allowed me to write with ease, highlight text, and cut or copy and paste. The ability to save changes to disk for later use was a game-changer. As time passed, I encountered MacWrite, MaxWrite, Microsoft Word, StarOffice Writer, Libreoffice Writer, and many more. Each new tool brought with it an evolution in the writing process, making it better yet more complex, a journey that never ceased to intrigue me.

Most of the writing I do is for the web and it’s not easy to convert from from Writer or Word to HTML. But it does not have to be that way because in 2004 John Gruber created Markdown. Finally a writing format easily accessible to all that can be created in the most inelegant text editor yet transformed into beautiful written content for the web. Markdown is easily mastered and could be taught to students as early as third grade.

In addition to providing an easily accessible word processor at minimal cost, students can also be introduced to the basics of programming. Markdown converts plain text into structured HTML, making it a simple tool for creating complex documents that can be easily shared with teachers and fellow students.

Markdown’s versatility is a game-changer, making it accessible to everyone, including students with varying technical skills. With a minimal learning curve, students can quickly start using Markdown to format text, create lists, insert links, and embed images. The fact that Markdown can be shared across various platforms, from mobile phones to PCs, regardless of the operating system, empowers students to use it for a wide range of tasks, from note-taking to essay writing and presentation creation. 

Learning Markdown also increases students digital literacy  by familiarizing them with basic concepts of markup languages and text formatting. It bridges the gap between plain text and more complex coding languages providing a foundation for further learning and web development.  Platforms like Github and Gitlab rely on Markdown for documentation. Markdown is used in scientific documentation and most of the output from ChatGPT, Microsoft CoPilot and other LLMs is provided in Markdown format. 

You don’t need a wordprocessor to create Markdown. You can use Wordpad on Windows, TextEdit on MacOS, gedit or vim on Linux. You will need to use the following tags and save your work with the .md file extension.

Headers:

# Header 1
## Header 2
### Header 3
#### Header 4
##### Header 5
###### Header 6

Emphasis:

*Italic* or _Italic_
**Bold** or __Bold__
***Bold and Italic*** or ___Bold and Italic___

Lists:

Unordered lists:

- Item 1
- Item 2
  - Subitem 1
  - Subitem 2

Ordered lists:

1. First item
2. Second item
   1. Subitem 1
   2. Subitem 2

Links:

[Link Text](http://url.com)

Images:

![Alt Text](http://url.com/image.jpg)

Block quotes:

> This is a blockquote.

Code:

Inline code`code block`
Code block: 3 back ticks on the line before the code and three back ticks on the line after the code. 

Horizontal rule:

---

For more information on formatting be sure to consult this excellent guide on Github. Happy writing!

Joplin is My Go-To Note-Taking App

I spend much of my day on the go whether walking around the village where I live or traveling nearby. During those walks and drives I’m often listening to podcasts or just thinking about content I read on blogs and other sources of information. I have found it useful to have an app where I can jot down a few notes or paste web content to refer to later. Sometimes I emall intereting articles to myself but more and more I use my favorite note taking app which is Joplin.

I love Joplin because it’s works across all of the platforms I use. That includes iPhone, MacBook or Linux desktop. Joplin is an open-source note-taking and to-do app that allows you to organize your thoughts and ideas efficiently. It supports markdown and syncing across devices and offers various features like tagging, searching, and encryption.

Joplin is available on Windows, MacOS, Linux, iOS, and Android. Before I started using Joplin my notetaking was limited to the an assortment of different applications depening on which platform I was using. Joplin aims to remain independent of any specific company or service, such as Evernote, Google, or Microsoft. Its synchronization system is designed to avoid relying on any particular platform. Joplin supports synchronization with various services, including Joplin Cloud, Nextcloud, S3, WebDAV, Dropbox, OneDrive, or the local filesystem. Synchrornization occurs in the background whenever it is running or when you click on the ‘Synchronize’ button in the Joplin interface.

It is easy to install Joplin as project has excellent documentation regardless of your particular platform. The project also provides extensive documentation on how you can use Joplin on your particular platform.

Joplin is open source and has a AGPL license. The project maintains a news site where you can discover the latest news about the application. You can follow Joplin on social media: Mastodon, LinkedIn, and X, You can support the project on Patreon.